It’s mostly mental work that is more susceptible to being disturbed than physical work.
The higher the frequency, the more disturbing the sound. This applies up to about 6,000 Hz.
Fluctuating sounds are more disruptive than consistent ones.
The louder the sound, the more annoying it is.
Voices and work noises are not transmitted from one workplace to another or are at least so quiet that they don’t cause a disturbance.
Noises coming from outside the office space and noises from technical equipment in the office are not perceived as disruptive at workstations.
In the workplace, confidential conversations or telephone calls can be conducted in a muted tone without issue.